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Abstract
This article analyzes the theoretical essence of the concept of intelligence and its relationship with the process of adaptation from a psychological perspective. Intelligence is considered as a complex cognitive system that develops through the interaction between an individual and the surrounding environment. Particular attention is given to the mechanisms of adaptation, namely assimilation and accommodation, which explain the stages of mental development. The study also highlights the role of cognitive processes such as perception, memory, skills, and logical operations in the development of intelligence. It is argued that the development of intelligence is closely related to the increasing complexity of interactions between the subject and the object, as well as to the formation of mobile and reversible mental structures. The results of the study allow intelligence to be interpreted as the highest level of psychological adaptation and reveal its significance in cognitive activity and personality development.
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