Abstract
This article examines the psycholinguistic impact of pragmatic opacity in political speech, focusing on how
deliberate flouting of Grice’s Cooperative Principle and its conversational maxims (Quantity, Quality, Rela
tion, and Manner) functions as a mechanism of persuasion. Adopting a cognitive perspective, we analyze
how such violations shape audience inference, modulate information processing and cognitive load, and
trigger inferential recovery strategies (e.g., implicature enrichment, relevance-guided search). The analy
sis argues that pragmatic opacity systematically cultivates ambiguity and strategic indirection, amplifying
perlocutionary effects and facilitating rhetorical control over shared situation models. We further show that
the processing of flouted maxims interacts with known cognitive biases (e.g., confirmation bias, fluency
effects), thereby strengthening attitudinal alignment while masking evidential weakness. These findings
position pragmatic opacity as a core lever in political communication, linking micro-pragmatic choices to
macro-level persuasive outcomes.
References
1. Grice, H. P. Logic and Conversation. In: Cole, P.,
&Morgan,J.(eds.)SyntaxandSemantics,Vol.3:
Speech Acts. Academic Press, 1975.
2. Thomas, J. Meaning in Interaction: An
Introduction to Pragmatics. Routledge, 1995.
3. Fetzer,A.(2021).PoliticalDiscourseasDialogue:
A Pragmatic Approach to Political Language.
John Benjamins. [2021]
4. Chilton, P. (2022). Deixis and Power in Political
Discourse. Routledge. [2022]
5. Dynel,M.(2020).Irony,DeceptionandHumour:
Seeking the Truth about Opaqueness. Springer.
[2020]
6. Hart,C.(2021).CognitiveLinguisticApproaches
to Text and Discourse: From Politics to Poetics.
Routledge. [2021]
7. Cap, P. (2023). Analyzing the Language
of Politics: Discourse, Rhetoric and Power.
Palgrave Macmillan. [2023]
8. Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic and Conversation.
In P. Cole & J. L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and
Semantics, Vol. 3: Speech Acts. Academic Press.
9. Thomas, J. (1995). Meaning in Interaction: An
Introduction to Pragmatics. Routledge.
10. Fetzer,A.(2021).PoliticalDiscourseasDialogue:
A Pragmatic Approach to Political Language.
John Benjamins.
11. Chilton, P. (2022). Deixis and Power in Political
Discourse. Routledge.
12. Dynel,M.(2020).Irony,DeceptionandHumour:
Seeking the Truth about Opaqueness. Springer.
13. Hart,C.(2021).CognitiveLinguisticApproaches
to Text and Discourse: From Politics to Poetics.
Routledge.
14. Cap, P. (2023). Analyzing the Language
of Politics: Discourse, Rhetoric and Power.
Palgrave Macmillan.
15. Baayen, R. H., Davidson, D. J., & Bates, D. M.
(2008). Mixed-effects modeling with crossed
randomeffectsforsubjectsanditems.Journalof
MemoryandLanguage,59,390–412.
16. Barr, D. J., Levy, R., Scheepers, C., & Tily,
H. (2013). Random effects structure for
confirmatory hypothesis testing. Journal of
MemoryandLanguage,68,255–278.
17. Hart, S. G., & Staveland, L. E. (1988).
Development of NASA-TLX. In Advances in
Psychology (Vol. 52), 139–183.
18. Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., & Kao, C. F. (1984).
Efficient assessment of Need for Cognition.
Journal of Personality Assessment, 48(3), 306
307

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.